PSG has now won the prestigious trophy on fourteen separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the match featuring the French league winners and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the net early on.
However, Marseille struck twice late to seize a surprise lead. Initially, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial equaliser in the dying seconds to send the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for PSG to seal a convincing shootout win.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the last thirteen seasons.